Habits and Traits of Stoneflies, Order Plecoptera

Aquatic stonefly nymphs live only in cool, clean streams, and are an important bioindicator of good water quality. Stoneflies belong to the order Plecoptera, which comes from the Greek for twisted wings. Description Adult stoneflies are fairly drab insects, with flattened, soft bodies. They hold their wings flat over the bodies when at rest. Stonefly adults have long, threadlike antennae, and a pair of cerci extends from the abdomen. Stoneflies have two compound eyes and three simple eyes and chewing mouthparts, though not all species feed as adults. Stoneflies fly poorly, so they dont stray far from the stream where they lived as nymphs. Adults are short-lived. Stoneflies exhibit unusual courtship behavior. The males drum their abdomens on a substrate to send an acoustic signal to potential female mates. A receptive female drums her response. The pair will continue to drum to each other, gradually moving closer and closer until they meet, and mate. After mating, females deposit their eggs in the water. Stonefly nymphs develop slowly, taking 1 to 3 years to molt repeatedly before emerging as adults. Stoneflies are so named because the nymphs often live under stones in streams or rivers. They feed on a variety of plant and animal matter, both dead and living, depending on the species and age of the nymph. Habitat and Distribution As nymphs, stoneflies inhabit cold, fast-flowing streams in pristine condition. Adult stoneflies are terrestrial but tend to stay close to the streams from which they emerge. Worldwide, entomologists identify about 2,000 stonefly species, about a third of which live in the U.S. and Canada. Major Families in the Order Family Perlidae - common stonefliesFamily Leuctridae - rolled-winged stonefliesFamily Taeniopterygidae - winter stonefliesFamily Nemouridae - spring stoneflies Families and Genera of Interest Adult stoneflies in the subfamily Isoperlinae appear to be pollen feeders.Female Pteronarcys dorsata stoneflies measure as much as 55 cm in length.Nymphs of the family Peltoperlidae resemble cockroaches.The Lake Tahoe benthic stonefly, Capnia lacustra, spends its entire life cycle (even as an adult) deep within Lake Tahoe. It is an endemic species to Lake Tahoe. Sources Borror and DeLongs Introduction to the Study of Insects, 7th Edition, Charles A. Triplehorn, and Norman F. Johnson.Order Plecoptera - Stoneflies, Bugguide.net. Accessed online February 15, 2011.Guide to Aquatic Insects and Crustaceans, Izaak Walton League of America.

Restricted Fund Methods Free Essays

Restricted Fund Method * Organizations that follow restricted fund method present a general fund and one or more restricted funds. * The main purpose of the restricted fund is to record the receipt and the use of the resources from that fund that are subject to restrictions. * This method requires that a general fund be used to report changes in unrestricted net assets. We will write a custom essay sample on Restricted Fund Methods or any similar topic only for you Order Now Recognition of endowment contributions: * The endowments contributions are recognized as revenue of the endowment fund in the current period. The only revenue that is reported in the endowment fund is the endowment contribution and the net investment income that is subject to external restrictions. * Any allocation of internal resources to the endowment fund would be accounted for as interfund transfers. * The endowment fund balance at the end represents the accumulation of resources subject to both external and internal restrictions and they should be permanently maintained. * Net investment income earned on resources held for endowments would be recognized based on if the investment income is restricted or not. Recognition of Restricted Contributions reported in restricted funds: * Restricted contribution for which a restricted fund is present should be recognized as revenue of that fund in the current period. * There can be more than one restricted fund. However, each restricted fund would accumulate resources that are restricted for similar purposes. * Contributions that are restricted should be accounted for the same way on consistent basis. A change in restricted fund is considered to be a change in accounting policy. The restricted fund balance at the reporting date represents the accumulation of resources that are subject to restrictions. * Any allocations of internally restricted resources to a restricted fund are known as interfund transfers. Recognition of Restricted Contributions reported in General funds: * Restricted Contributions for which no restricted fund is present should be recognized in general fund. * The general fund account’s purpose is to account for both unres tricted revenues and restricted contributions for which there is no restricted fund. The restricted contribution reported in general fund would be recognized in the same manner as under deferral method. * If the organization decides to establish a fund for a specific restricted contribution it would be considered a change in accounting policy. The financial statements of the previous years would have to be restated if similar contributions for which the fund is established had been reported in general funds in prior years. Recognition of Unrestricted Contributions: * They should be recognized as revenue of the general fund in current period. * The unrestricted contributions are available for use to the organization. The excess of revenues over expenses in the general fund represents the increase in unrestricted net assets. * Unrestricted resources may be allocated to a restricted fund and this would be considered an interfund transfer. How to cite Restricted Fund Methods, Papers

Clamence Is Not Alone Essay Example For Students

Clamence Is Not Alone Essay The Fall, a 1957 novel written by Nobel Prize winner Albert Camus, is a story based on confession. The main character, Jean-Baptiste Clamence, portrays himself to be the epitome of good citizenship and acceptable behavior and now he has come to face the reality that his existence has been deeply seated in hypocrisy. Clamence also openly enjoys the wealth of cheap dreams that the prostitutes and bars his Amsterdam home has to offer. In a bar called Mexico City, Clamence begins to recall his life as a respected lawyer, supposedly immune to judgment. There are different theories on whether Clamence recalls his life to himself or to another person, but it is in fact a random acquaintance from the bar that Clamence shares stories of his lifes triumphs and failures. While Clamence is in the bar, he asks another person who is trying to order a drink if he may offer his services without running the risk of intruding because unless the man authorizes him to perform his services, the bartender will not guess that he wants gin. The service Clamence is referring to is his ability to speak Dutch, the only language the bartender speaks and understands. What suggests that Clamence is speaking to another person in the bar is the fact that if someone wants to do something, they do not need to be given permission by himself. If a person feels they are not allowed to do something, it is because one of two reasons. One, the person might feel the action is inappropriate and that would directly deal with that persons set of morals and discipline. Secondly, the person might not be allowed to perform the task by the person it would deal with and that would have to do with power of authority. Also, if Clamence was alone and tried to order the gin for himself, there is no reason for him needing help from some other person to order the drink if he is capable of communicating with the bartender. The second instance suggesting an acquaintance again happens in a bar when Clamence is invited to sit with the man he ordered the gin for. Clamence responds by saying Thank you, Id accept if I were not sure of being a nuisance. You are too kind. Then I shall bring my glass over beside yours. Clamence can not be alone and talking to himself. There is already a drink set down on the table and Clamence said he is going to set his drink next to it. Now if both the drinks were Clamences, then the drinks would both be his and that would leave no other drinks on the table. Since he said yours, that means that some other person has possession or ownership of that drink. A third instance of an acquaintance being present occurs when Clamence is talking about his experiences while he was visiting Greece. Clamence later asks the question, By the way, do you know Greece? What should we do there, I ask you? Clamence goes on to explain that in Greece the males are often found striding along the sidewalks, his fingers locked in those of his friend. Jokingly, Clamence asks , Would you take my hand in the streets of Paris? Clamence is indubitably with another person at this point. By asking what should we do, this implies that two people are present. If Clamence was by himself, the question should be asked from a first person point of view, what should I do. The second inquiry about joining hands is also directed towards another person. .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0 , .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0 .postImageUrl , .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0 , .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0:hover , .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0:visited , .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0:active { border:0!important; } .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0:active , .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0 .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4807adeb3acc21ac65a87394a85574f0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Euthanasia In The United States EssayIf Clamence is directing the question towards himself, the same principals of ownership and possession need to be used. Later on in the story, Clamence has a secret that he reveals to his friend from the bar. Clamence says that the only relief he gets in life is from women and alcohol. Ill reveal this secret to you he says and then instructs the person to make use of it as if it were a piece of advice. By Clamence calling his advice a secret, this serves as concrete evidence that another person is present. A secret is something that is concealed from others. Clamence can not keep something concealed from his own knowledge, so in order to reveal a secret, another person assumed to have no knowledge of the information needs to be present. Towards the end of the story, Clamence develops a fever that he is treating with gin. At this point, someone goes to pay him a visit. Clamence states that he is embarrassed to be in bed when you arrive. This quote clearly states that Clamence is in one location and another person enters this place unexpectedly and catches him by surprise, thus causing the embarrassment of possibly an unkempt house or a unattractive personal appearance due to the sickness. The reason why there are two people present is because Clamence says you which means he is addressing some one else. Although different theories on whether or not Clamence is alone when he recalls his life may exist, it is in fact an acquaintance that he shares his life with. In order for Camus choice of wording that deal with ownership and possession and by definition of key words such as secret to be used in accordance with rules of proper grammar, another person must be present for the meaning of the words to be applied correctly.

Constructive threat examination techniques to enhance data security

Introduction The duties of intelligence technologist are becoming more complicated as the field of science technology introduces new products and ideas even before applying proper security measures to avert threats that may crop up along the way. The ability to understand the technological modifications calls for contemporary and prospective threats, as well as data overload to materialize the practical efforts by security experts.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Constructive threat examination techniques to enhance data security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the past years, the world has faced a series of cyber attacks of unexpected intricacies. These unprecedented attacks indicate that the information kept by businesses, governments, as well common citizens are at the verge of being manipulated by malicious attackers and intelligence technologist should be ready to handle such problems. Moreover, workers have brought consumer technology such as smartphones into their workplace, which have improved productivity and destabilized the security norms in equal measure. The success of institutions depends on the level of security and effectiveness of their technology. For technology professional to avert these imminent dangers, they have to work in unity with all the stakeholders to comprehend the rising threats and come up with proactive security remedies that can protect the Internet and all other infrastructure that are associated to it. The discussions in this paper focus on the emerging and future threats in technology that need urgent remedies. Current Threats Although every institution is distinctive in its nature of activities of products, all are susceptible to experience a restrained detachment of dangerous agents who perpetrate impositions against institutions’ infrastructures. These dangerous agents entail insiders, industrial surveillance, systematized crime, as well as hackers1. Insiders A group of researchers recently observed that in comparison to past years, the rate of insider threats are decreasing, but this should not be construed to mean that the measures used to hamper insider threats should come to a halt. Intelligence technologists still consider insiders as one of the formidable threats. Probably, the incidents of insider threats are reducing because institutions have refocused their attention to external factors and barely notice insider threats and insiders have hiding techniques that enterprise rarely discover2. Moreover, there is a rising trend of insider placement, which permits penetration schemes.Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Systemized threat agents who cannot infiltrate through the external security tactics often place their agents in institutions where they intend to infiltrate, as interim workers or systems supervisors. Considerin g this imminent danger, enterprises initiate security programs that protect an organization from insider threats. Such security programs should incorporate background supervision for workers who access vital systems, a continuous training initiative that can assist workers to discover and share prospective insider dangers, as well as execute internal security policies and network supervision3. By placing insiders in an institution, threat agents are capable of getting its internal access to Information Technology (IT) assets. There have been numerous cases where a single worker is found to work in various software development companies as well various government organizations to create custom software programs. The intentions of such a worker only raise questions with no proper answers. In a period when distributed computing is popular, there should be an effective formula for scrutinizing subcontractors as well as assisting employees and examining internal network resources to cont rol this exacerbating threat4. Industrial Surveillance and Systemized Crime Over the years, technology experts have affirmed the dangers, which are planned by rivals or government- initiated espionage that industrial surveillance organizations pose to an institution. Despite the fact that industrial espionage is an existing danger that most companies are aware of, it affects data privacy and not its accessibility. The subtle nature of business data calls for the need to have security programs that secure its privacy and veracity. Systemized crimes expeditions are likely to obtain crucial company’s data such as financial statements and plans. Although vital infrastructure attacks are not part of systemized organized, it is important for companies to recognize that systemized crime agents could substitute terrorists5. Hackers As contemporary firms continue with their operations, they are likely to experience assaults from hackers. There has been increased trend in cases of intr usion of networks for either specific purpose of random attacks. The cases have been so imminent that one could infer that only companies with faulty monitoring programs do not experience these attacks.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Constructive threat examination techniques to enhance data security specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A recent research disclosed that any susceptible system linked to an unrestricted network, is likely to be attacked within less than three days. Hence, the significance for employees to adopt and adhere to effective information security practices to avoid the hackers. Organizations should note that by using the Internet, they are not only exposing themselves to domestic and continental threat, but also international perils. Considering the extensive scope of unwanted attacks, enterprises should be assiduous in measures that help them on mitigating on this menace. These mitigating me asures could include technical controls such as antivirus, Intrusion Detection System (IDS), or Firewall. Enterprises can also introduce multifactor authentication system for employee identification. Moreover, firms can also encourage their workers to communicate through secure forms instead of email links when using the Internet to prevent the chances of clients sending/receiving confidential messages through online clear text6. Emerging Threats Apart from countering the present threats, intelligence technologists should be adequately equipped to emerging threats such as malware, information manipulation, nation states, terrorism, mobile device threats, and cloud security. Though some firms are vulnerable to nation states as well as terrorism, firms that are considered to have substantial infrastructures are often potential targets. In essence, states and terrorists are more likely to target private infrastructure than government enterprises7. Mobile Devices Threats The safety of m obile devices continues to raise formidable questions for some issues have made it intricate to exploit various devices including their operating systems, which is not as extensive as Windows. Moreover, their surrounding environment, numerous applications, and the lack of adept to remove malicious applications has hampered their exploitation. There have also been setbacks in monetizing altered mobile devices8. However, the huge number of smartphones as well as tablets subscribers presents a chance that threat agents are likely to target. Currently, there is a higher demand of smartphones than PCs, whilst there are more subscribers accessing the Internet through mobile phones than PCs. In the corporate world, workers have been permitted to own and even operate some tasks using the devices. The popularity of mobile devices suggests that security scholars and threat agents are likely to apply their security intelligence on the devices. It is anticipated that new attacks as well as nove l techniques of monetizing mobile devices is likely to develop9.Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Latest reports indicate that malware developers have began viewing the opportunity created by mobile devices as a chance to initiate feasible businesses. The figures of malicious or unauthorized applications have augmented from 30,000 to 175, 000 for a period of just three months (June to September) in 201210. Recent studies have shown that the percentage of devices that have been affected by malware is about 0.002 per cent in the U.S. The study also noted that the malicious apps are only noticed after the climax of an operation, and thus security practices such as eliminating the activity from storefront had little, if any, initial effect. Nonetheless, such practices have the potential to avert the spread of malicious programs. The participants from the latter research were mainly residents of the U.S. Other researches that have included other counties such as Russia and China have shown disparate, but amazing results. In China, the malicious infections had a high percentage of abo ut 40 per cent11. Web browser developers, in an attempt to balance the rate of subscription and security, have not installed security pointers on smartphones and as a result, phones are three times susceptible to malicious intrusion than PCs. For instance, renowned mobile browsers such as Opera Mini do not permit their subscribers to access data information that can help to identify the legitimacy of the Web sites, for example its certificate data. In case of an attack, which is very likely, one cannot recognize this attack because of lack of adequate information. In addition, other apps are connected to TLS as well as SSL networks, a move that makes a subscriber more susceptible to attack. The future of such subscribers is bleak, if mobile browser developers remain reluctant in devising methods of disseminating security data12. Nation States Several countries have introduced programs to help protect IT elements of crucial infrastructures. Recent analyses show that about 100 countri es are presently creating data and warfare programs. The United States, which is the highest target of attack due to its massive dependence on IT, is at the forefront of this initiative. Although this threat is bona fide, the possibility of a state- financed full-blown attack is unlikely for various reasons. To begin with, the majority of the countries with the potential to instigate an attack have bilateral association with the U.S. If they were to launch an attack that affects the U.S. economy, the impact will trickle down to their own economy. Moreover, the U.S. stipulations in relation to information warfare assault prevents any country intends to apply information in place of conventional warfare. Nonetheless, these stipulations do not prevent a villain country to apply information attack as a means of acquiring tactical lead in a case of conventional battle to instigate conservative reaction. In a world where a country is anonymously assaulted, the entire reproach falls on mul tinational terrorists, and thus nations must adopt new ways of addressing this peril. Although one may infer that this move creates an opportunity for state-financed detached infrastructure assaults, it is still untenable or nominal impact such as mental impact that can be resolved by adequate preparation13. In the U.S., the federal authorities have the role of preventing the citizens from state-promoted threats. Private enterprises are incapable of handling impacts of state attacks in the absence of adequate information from the federal authorities. Therefore, it is important for the federal government to issue indicators whenever there is a forthcoming threat14. Cloud Security The effectiveness of transferring information through clouds has attracted the attention of many subscribers who opted to keep their documents on Yahoo mail, iCloud, or even DropBox, as it is cheap and convenient. However, various enterprises are becoming reluctant to keep their confidential documents and ap ps on this medium by questioning the credibility of their security. However, some enterprises have been lured by the increased productivity and reduction in operation costs created by the online services. The rising number of activities being transferred to the cloud demands that technologists should the security of these documents and their impact to the firms15. Many security experts have asserted that information stored in the cloud is safer, but more targeted threat agents. The accretion of information in the cloud has inspired cloud service providers as well as the subscribers to security measures deter unauthorized persons from accessing their documents. Nevertheless, whilst the improved security measures may impede intrusion, it increasingly attracts intruders. In case of any failure, the impact may be detrimental. One of the recent attacks in 2012 is a clear indication of how far attackers are targeting the cloud. In June 2012, one of the accounts of CloundFlare’s cli ents was unsuccessfully attacked with the intent of manipulating the site. The attempt failed for the experts at CloudFlare reacted quickly and detected the assault. Most security analysts have observed that these attacks are likely to rise due to the critical data that is kept in the cloud. The two-factor authentication technique adopted by Google has been considered an effective way of protecting information stored in the cloud. Under this technique, a subscriber uses an identified device with a legitimate password for every application in the system16. Nevertheless, cloud is not entirely composed of data. If intruders manipulate virtualized computers, then they can easily introduce botnets. This accretion draws the attention of intruders and they can use all their skills to infiltrate into the documents. Attackers are likely to use illegal credit cards that they own to infiltrate into the clouds. They can use the false credit cards to design insidious virtual systems17. Consideri ng this impending threat, the cloud service providers should redefine their security thinking. They should be certain of the role they play in protecting their subscribers’ data. Studies indicate that a huge percentage of service providers believe that the clients are in charge of the data, and thus ought to create their own security measures. This assertion is a worrying inference for firms that do not institute stringent security measures expose their documents to attack by threat agents. Some companies have begun developing private clouds to protect their data. This turn of events should prompt researchers to develop a method that make data easily accessible whilst at the same time secure from attack. Though certain firms opt to store encrypted information, accessing such data has become a difficult process.18 Conclusion In a current environment where technology is becoming a basic component for an enterprise’s success and a growing number of threats agents, organiz ations must form constructive threat examination techniques to enhance data security. The techniques adopted should be in a position to handle different types of threats as well as predict prospective threats and devising ways to avoid them through the application of past and present experiences. The methodology used should identify potential security measures and expenses that an institution will have by applying the given practices. Predictably, in the near future, attackers are going to be attracted to mobile devices, nation states, and cloud security, and thus it is important for relevant institutions to input practices that can control such attacks from occurring. The threats poised on IT infrastructure are factual, and their impacts are unfavorable, hence the need to avert the threats before they occur. Works Cited Devost, Mathew. Current and Emerging Threats to Information Technology Systems and Critical Infrastructures, 2002. Web. Gollmann, Dieter, and Jeffrey Hunker. Inside r threats in cyber security, Pennsylvania: Springer, 2010. Print. Government Accountability Office. Information Security: Emerging Cybersecurity Issues Threaten Federal Information Systems, 2005. Web. Wenke, Lee, and Bo Rotoloni. Georgia Tech Cyber Security Summit 2012: Emerging  Cyber Threats Report 2013, 2013. Web. Whitman, Michael, and Herbert Mattord. Principles of information security, Massachusetts: Cengage Learning, 2011. Print. Footnotes 1Government Accountability Office. Information Security: Emerging Cybersecurity Issues Threaten Federal Information Systems, 2005. Web. p.3 2Dieter Gollmann and Jeffrey Hunker. Insider threats in cyber security, Pennsylvania: Springer, 2010. p. 78. 3Mathew Devost. Current and Emerging Threats to Information Technology Systems and Critical Infrastructures, 2002. Web. p. 20. 4 Gollmann and Hunker, p. 14. 5 Devost, p. 21. 6 Michael Whitman and Herbert Mattord. Principles of information security. Massachusetts: Cengage Learning, 2011, p. 16. 7 Lee Wenke and Bo Rotoloni. Georgia Tech Cyber Security Summit 2012: Emerging Cyber Threats Report 2013, 2013. Web. p. 2. 8 Devost, p. 23. 9 Government Accountability Office, p. 12. 10 Wenke and Rotoloni, p.16. 11 Wenke and Rotoloni, p. 5 12 Whitman and Mattord, p. 32. 13 Wenke and Rotoloni, p. 5. 14 Whitman Mattord, p. 42. 15 Wenke and Rotoloni, p. 8. 16Whitman Mattord, p. 53. 17 Ibid. p.57. 18Wenke and Rotoloni, p. 8. This essay on Constructive threat examination techniques to enhance data security was written and submitted by user Maria Y. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The National Assessment System (Nas) in Kenya Essays

The National Assessment System (Nas) in Kenya Essays The National Assessment System (Nas) in Kenya Essay The National Assessment System (Nas) in Kenya Essay Over the last few years Kenya has continuously sought to improve the educational system for its students. The National Assessment System (NAS) is an integral system of determining quality assurance in Education. It involves the monitoring of learning achievements of students to assess the quality of education. It is also a systematic evaluation of student learning achievement across the Country. The analytical results are used by policy makers and practitioners to inform the education quality reform process.With data that is comparable across various regions of the Country and over time, policy makers and stakeholders can identify gaps and bring about improvements in the curriculum, teaching and classroom support practices, as well as in the development of learning aids. Kenya’s National Assessment is currently set up as follows: 1. Standard One – Standard Eight : Kenya Certificate of Primary Education 2. Form One – Form 4: Kenya Certifica te of Secondary Education 3. College/University: Various degree examinationsNAS can be divided into six groups namely, Early Childhood Development Education (ECDE) , Primary level ( 8. 4. 4),Secondary Level (8. 4. 4), Tertiary Level, University Level and work world. The education system is facing a major crisis at the secondary and university level. Currently there is a task force on the realignment of the current education system with the new constitution in the bid to assist this problem NAS at the Secondary level focuses on the cognitive (or knowledge) domain.Students learn several subjects divided into categories, languages, humanities, sciences and technical subjects. Article 11 (ii) (a) of the constitution states that the curriculum should promote Science and Indigenous Technologies therefore students learn subjects such as Biology, Chemistry, Physics and Agriculture. The KCSE exam is taken by pupils in all public and private schools and by candidates who undertake private stu dy including prisoners. Every person has a right to education (Article 43).A candidate must take at least two of three science subjects and only a maximum of two humanities subjects. KCSE does not test in the affection domain, except, perhaps subjects in the ethics and religious studies which focus on knowledge rather than character formation. The psychomotor domain is also not covered, except, perhaps practical subjects like Physics, Agriculture, Home Science and Chemistry but again, the assessment focuses on knowledge as there is limited time and scope to assess lifelong skills and know how.Performance in KCSE largely determines progression to university and the profession or occupation in the world of work. In addition there is NAS at the university level. Public university assessments and exams are governed by the senate regulations under the University Act regulating each of the seven public universities. Senates have donated some powers to College Academic Boards (CABs) and sc hool or Faculty Academic Boards.Private university exams and assessments are managed by the respective senates, but subject to the Commission for Higher Education (CHE) under the Universities Act. Oversight on the curriculum (and perhaps the exam process) is increasingly being exercised by accreditation agencies and the relevant professional associations like the Kenya Medical and Dental Practitioners Board and the Kenya Medical Association or the Kenya Dentists Association, respectively. University exams at the undergraduate level are largely summative and still focus on the cognitive (or knowledge) domain.The affective and psychomotor domains are still not (sufficiently) assessed, tested or examined There have been concerns that University Education has now become a commercial venture so that many universities are beginning courses without much emphasis on quality but focusing rather on the profits they can make. Though the CHE has set up mechanisms to ensure that quality educatio n is provided in institutions of higher learning the follow up is not consistent and it is difficult to evaluate the teaching process.As a result many Universities are releasing students that are not quite ready to face the job market as the emphasis is not ensuring students are achieving the learning objectives but that the students are paying for the education. As more Universities offer similar courses it is important that a uniform assessment system is adapted to ensures that students do not leave school half baked but are ready to enter the job market. At the end of the day assessment should support learning as well as measure it.

Odeipus the King Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Odeipus the King - Essay Example Antigone (1500 A.D) Psychology of Characters in Antigone Antigone is one of the Sophocles woven in tyranny and culture. The play contains many characters helping in laying the plot of the story. One of the characters is Antigone, the protagonist of the play. Antigone is determined. This is because she decides laying her brother to rest. She refutes King Creon’s decision that Polinices does not entail to be buried (Anouilh & Sam, 2002). She goes ahead to bury Polinices despite the consequences that may befall her. Her sister Isemne tries convincing Antigone, her sister to refute this decision .This is because she worries that her life may be at threat if she buried Polinices. This is in regard to the King’s order that Polinices deserved no burial. Her determination is a trait that compels readers interested in the play. She is also daring because she undertakes burying Polinices, knowing that her life is at threat. This trait helps build the plot because the king pursues her deeds. She is also sallow. Antigone is shown not to be as stunning as her sister Isemne. The other trait is that she is obstinate. This is true concerning the way she disobeys that kings ruling that no one ought to bury Polinices. Disregarding that her life may be at danger, she still resolves burying Polinices. ... For example concluding that Polinices required no burial, this shows his might and authority of ruling. The other trait is that he is unreasonable. His action of deciding that Polinices burial would not happen is a clear proof. The king is inhuman because he tries scheming for the execution of Antigone after she goes against his rulings. Plotting to kill someone is something that is exceedingly wrong. In addition, Creon is cruel concerning his acts of scheming and ordering for Antigones execution. This is because killing is something that is brutal to a person. Moreover, Creon is timid pertaining to his response to Teresia’s prophecy that he would be struck by fury of the spirits. This makes him stop pursuing to kill Antigone. Isemne Isemne, the sister of Antigone, displays various traits. One of the traits is that she is beautiful as conflicting to her sister. The other trait is that she is calm. This trait has its explanations from remaining unruffled despite demise of Polin ices. When her sister is exceedingly vibrant about burying Polinices, Isemne has no issues to do with his. The other trait is that she is collected. This aspect is well depicted in her ability to stay withdrawn to things surrounding the burial of Polinices. Isemne is also reasonable concerning her act of defying rebellion. This is because she persuades her sister not to defy rulings of King Creon (Anouilh & Sams, 2002). In addition, Isemne is also lovable. This is because of the fact that she plays the role of advising her sister, and the fact that she is not disobedient. Another trait is that she is good-natured. This is following the fact that she undertakes telling her sister to obey the king’s rulings. This is however something that

Supply Chain Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Supply Chain Management - Case Study Example Another model of picking location is mixed fulfilment model, which enable customers to order directly and the orders will being dispatched from warehouse as well as supermarkets. This method is regarded to be highly flexible but this method is difficult to schedule by the company (Ody, 2000). The customers of Sainsbury’s are involved with both the method of business to pick the ordered goods on time of delivery from picking centres or supermarkets or warehouse. At times, home delivery approach is also scheduled by the companies for high convenience of customers. However, such approach of distribution and delivery is regarded to be difficult as customer when customer is not available. This situation mainly happens when the ordered goods reach quickly or earlier than pre-defined time at pre-defined location. On the other hand, customers pick the ordered goods directly from regional picking centres and warehouses or supermarkets. These were regarded to the distribution centres for company (Ody, 2000). The Sainsbury’s business utilises the ‘orderline’ technology to run its standalone operations efficiently. However, in the current scenario, for high business expansion as well as sustainability Sainsbury’s needed to incorporate a new IT system within its existing system. To integrate such new technology within the old but will take five years’ time to establish the same. Additionally, the company developed website to stay connected with its customers and assimilated a loyal customer base for better future prospective (Ody,